Marshalls Indian Sandstone

Name: Marshalls Indian Sandstone
Brand: Marshalls

Natural Indian sandstone paving (Fairstone range) — quarried, sawn or riven flags for patios and public realm. Cradle-to-gate carbon (A1–A3) is low, but module A4 shows that sea/road transport from India roughly doubles the cradle-to-site figure — the dominant impact for imported stone.

Manufacturer page

Carbon and evidence

Product Evidence

Evidence currently held for the Marshalls product record.

Marshalls

Recorded Carbon Result

209kgCO₂e/tonne

A1–A3 GWP-total per declared unit, per EPD

Indicator: GWP-total

Marshalls Indian Sandstone Environmental Product Declaration · EN 15804+A2 core environmental impact indicators

A1–A3 covers raw-material supply, transport to manufacture and manufacturing. It is product-stage information, not a whole-life result.

Environmental Product Declaration

EPD recorded

Coverage: Product family
Declared unit: 1 tonne (1000 kg)
Programme: EPD Hub
Registration: EPD Hub HUB-2473
Standard: EN 15804+A2
Valid until: 2030-02-20
Verification: Third-party verified

Family EPD for imported Indian sandstone paving (Brackendale, Brownridge, Laurelbank, Hawksview, Thornlake); declared per tonne of stone.

Read the EPDSource: EN 15804+A2 core environmental impact indicators

Carbon profile

kgCO2e per 1 tonne (1000 kg) · each bar starts at zero · local scale

A1-A3 product

209

A4-A5 site*

266

B use

not declared

—

C end of life

4.21

D reuse / recycling

-25.8

Transport and installation scenarios are the largest of the modules this EPD declares.

adds carbon stores or removes EPD scenario* reuse/recycling potential (D)

* EPD transport and installation scenario, not this project's. Not declared: use. Module D shows potential impacts or benefits from reuse, recovery or recycling after the product's assessed life. It is reported separately and never added to A-C. Do not compare bar lengths between materials. Each chart may use a different scale and declared unit.

Reported GWP Modules

Displayed as stored; modules are not added together here.

A1–A3

209 kgCO₂e

per 1 tonne (1000 kg)

A4*

213 kgCO₂e

per 1 tonne (1000 kg)

A5*

53.4 kgCO₂e

per 1 tonne (1000 kg)

3.18 kgCO₂e

per 1 tonne (1000 kg)

0.657 kgCO₂e

per 1 tonne (1000 kg)

0 kgCO₂e

per 1 tonne (1000 kg)

0.369 kgCO₂e

per 1 tonne (1000 kg)

-25.8 kgCO₂e

per 1 tonne (1000 kg)

* A4/A5 are EPD scenarios, not project-specific results. Module D is outside the A–C system boundary and is not added to A–C. Module nomenclature follows BS EN 15978 / EN 15804. Declared values are suitable as inputs to a whole life carbon assessment under the RICS Professional Standard (2nd edition); this panel is not an assessment.

Upfront Carbon (A1–A5)*

475 kgCO₂e per 1 tonne (1000 kg)

A1–A3 209 + A4 213 + A5 53.4 · GWP-total, as declared

* Includes the EPD’s A4/A5 scenario assumptions, not project-specific transport or installation. This is the aggregation the proposed Part Z applies upfront limits to. The A1–A3 figure includes declared biogenic storage of -52.4 kgCO₂e; Part Z aggregates upfront carbon excluding sequestered carbon, which is the assessor's adjustment to make.

Service Life — the B4 Replacement Input

100 years · EPD reference service life

≈1 installation over a 60-year building study period.

B4 (replacement) follows the building, not the product: an assessor multiplies replacement cycles by project quantities. This record supplies the service life and does not compute B4.

Sourced Product Claims

Third-party verified EPD (EPD Hub, EN 15804+A2)Third-party verifiedSource
Imported natural stone — transport (A4) dominates cradle-to-site carbonThird-party verifiedSource

Evidence Sources

Marshalls Indian Sandstone Environmental Product Declaration

EPD Hub · EN 15804+A2 core environmental impact indicators

Coverage: Family EPD for imported Indian sandstone paving (Brackendale, Brownridge, Laurelbank, Hawksview, Thornlake); declared per tonne of stone.

Third-party verified

Comparison Status

The record contains the basic metadata required for a controlled comparison. Products must still perform the same function and use compatible units, PCRs and lifecycle scope.

Design & Specification Notes

Qualitative notes for early design discussion. Not product-specific EPD evidence, and not a basis for numerical comparison.

Natural Indian sandstone paving (Fairstone range) — quarried, sawn or riven flags for patios and public realm.

Typical Uses

•Paths & paving
•Public realm surfaces
•Permeable groundworks

Key Performance

Durable external surface with slip resistance.

Specification Actions

•Confirm the current EPD covers the selected product, finish and manufacturing route.
•Calculate transport distances for primary materials.
•Document material reuse or reclaimed content percentages.

Indicative Health & Indoor Air

low Risk

Inert natural stone; standard silica-dust precautions when cutting.

Evidence:Third-party verified

Specification

Range: Natural Sandstone (Fairstone)
Collection: Natural Stone Hard Landscaping
Finish: Natural Indian sandstone paving
Service life: 100 years